Jämtland befolkning

Länets största ö är Ammerön Sveriges 19 största , tätt följt av Frösön Sveriges 27 största. De är båda insjööar. I Jämtlands län finns det totalt 58 tätorter varav tolv har befolkning över 1 Residensstaden är i fet stil. Brunflo ingår numera i Östersunds tätort. Ängsmon ingick i Östersunds tätort fram tills I länet finns en nationalpark: Sonfjället. Det finns även ett tal naturreservat i Jämtlands län , vilka utgör en stor del [ förtydliga ] av landets sammanlagda areal avsatt för naturskydd. Befolkningen är ojämnt fördelad och majoriteten bor i Storsjöbygden , alltså området runt Storsjön. Endast 1 procent av länets mark är bebyggd och det finns endast en stad, Östersund , som haft stadsprivilegier sedan och som är centralort i kommunen med samma namn. Andra nämnvärda orter är;. Återstående medellivslängd vid födseln för kvinnor är 83,29 år och 79,81 år för män [ 8 ]. Kommunvis dominerar Östersund, kommunen har något över fyra gånger fler invånare än tvåan Krokom.

Ragunda kommun är befolkningsmässigt den minsta kommunen. Siffrorna nedan avser den 30 september Av dem som är födda i länet men som inte är bosatta där [ när? Av dem som nu bor i Jämtlands län men som är födda i ett annat län kommer cirka 9 från Västernorrlands län, 6 från Stockholms län och 3 från Västerbottens län [ 12 ]. Jämtlands län hade lägst antal asylsökande i förhållande till folkmängd i Sverige , 0,2 asylsökande per 1 invånare [ 12 ]. Befolkningen i Jämtlands län har den högsta medelåldern bland nygifta i landet. Medelåldern för nygifta män är 37,2 år och för kvinnor 33,8 år [ 12 ]. Par i Jämtlands län är högst benägna att behålla sina respektive efternamn, 24 procent gör det, vilket är långt över riksgenomsnittets 17 procent, 65,9 procent tar mannens efternamn lägst i Sverige och 8,1 procent tar kvinnans efternamn, vilket är högst bland länen i norra Sverige, dock något under riksgenomsnittet.

Jämtland ortnamn

Jämtlands län ligger under riksgenomsnittet när gäller medelålder för förstagångsföräldrar, 28,7 år för förstagångsmödrarna och 31,3 år för förstagångsfäderna. Kommunvis bor det i reda tal flest utlandsfödda i Östersunds kommun, procentuellt är siffrorna däremot högst för Bräcke kommun där 6,2 procent av befolkningen är födda utomlands, och lägst i Bergs kommun, där enbart 3,4 procent är födda i ett annat land än Sverige. Av de 6 är omkring 1 födda i Norge för fullständiga siffror se tabellen eller källan, det här gäller för hela avsnittet , Jämtlands län är tillsammans med Värmlands län de enda i Sverige där den största gruppen av utlandsfödda är norrmän. Av de övriga nordiska länderna är ungefär födda i Finland , i Danmark och 25 på Island , sammanlagt är litet över 2 födda i ett annat nordiskt land. Antal födda i de utomnordiska länderna i EU uppgår till 1 personer där den största gruppen kommer från Tyskland , personer, därefter Polen med personer och Storbritannien med De resterande är fördelade i en rad olika länder runt om i världen, personer är födda i Afrika , i Nordamerika , främst USA , i Sydamerika och 1 i Asien och den största gruppen där är födda i Thailand , personer, därefter följer Irak med personer, Iran med personer, Indien med och Sydkorea med personer siffrorna för båda är från och Libanon personer.

Omkring 20 personer betecknas som statslösa. Margareta Winberg och Eva Hellstrand från länet var båda ledande företrädare inom Folkrörelsen Nej till EU och vid folkomröstningen om EU-medlemskap röstade 72,5 procent av länsbefolkningen "Nej", något som förklarats med den lokala misstron mot byråkratin i Bryssel och de långa avstånden mellan makthavarna och befolkningen. Jämtlands län är självförsörjande och nettoexportör vad gäller elenergi , omkring 80 procent exporteras. Länet förbrukar näst minst av alla län, 39 kilowattimmar per invånare, långt under riksgenomsnittet. Jämtland läns energiförbrukning går främst till uppvärmningen av hus, i kontrast mot nästan alla övriga län där den största delen går till industrin. Länet producerar sammanlagt 11 megawattimmar varav 10 kommer från vattenkraft. I Jämtlands län finns ett runt 60 vattenkraftverk och i Ragunda kommun finns nio stycken, vilket gör att den utvunna elen från Ragunda kommun uppgår till tio procent av Sveriges sammanlagda vattenkraft.

Vattenkraftsstationerna är främst belägna vid älvarna Ljungan, Ljusnan och Indalsälven med deras respektive källflöden. I Jämtlands län finns även ett antal dussin vindkraftverk och ett fåtal kraftvärmeverk , främst i Östersund. I framför allt Härjedalens kommun utvinns torv och i Östersund utvinns även biogas ur avfall. Jämtlands län använder runt 60 procent förnyelsebar energi, vilket är mycket i förhållande till andra regioner och även länder. Jämtlands län är jämte Gotlands län det mest företagstäta län i Sverige. Det finns nära 16 företag per invånare. Jämtlands län har även den högsta företagsamheten bland kvinnor i landet. Det finns 8 kvinnliga företagare per kvinnliga invånare i åldersgruppen 25—64 [ 16 ]. Länet har ett eget " Gnosjö ", nämligen Trångsviken med närliggande byar i Krokoms kommun. Där finns det 80 företag på en befolkning runt När det gäller tillväxtföretag i förhållande till befolkning hamnar länet på en sjunde plats, endast Stockholms , Västra Götalands , Jönköpings , Kronobergs , Skånes och Hallands län hade fler [ 2 ].

År utsågs Åre kommun till årets tillväxtkommun [ 18 ]. År förvärvsarbetade cirka 13 personer inom kommunerna och drygt 4 åt landstinget. Cirka 35 förvärvsarbetade inom näringslivet och ungefär 3 personer inom den statliga förvaltningen. Nästan 2 personer förvärvsarbetade då inom andra organisationer och offentliga institutioner [ 19 ]. Jämtlands läns arbetslöshet ligger april på 2,6 procent [ 20 ] , 0,3 procentenheter högre än riksgenomsnittet, antalet arbetslösa är 2 personer. Likt riket i övrigt går arbetslösheten för närvarande [ när? Jämtlands län har de högsta ohälsotalen , alltså antalet dagar med sjukskrivna och med sjukpension under ett år, i Sverige, 47 stycken [ 21 ]. Trots det uppgick förvärvsintensiteten , alltså den andel av befolkningen som förvärvsarbetar , oavsett var de gör detta, till 79 procent, den fjärde högsta i Sverige efter Hallands, Kronobergs och Jönköpings län. Förvärvsintensiteten var lägst i Bräcke kommun där den var 76,6 procent och högst i Åre kommun med 81,6 procent, tätt följt av Bergs kommun och Krokoms kommun med 81,5 respektive 81,3 procent.

Rea på inredning och design

Jämtlands län är efter Gotland den minst industrialiserade regionen i Sverige. Endast 15 procent av befolkningen är verksam i denna näring. Industrin domineras av små företag, endast 50—60 av länets industriföretag har över 50 anställda [ 2 ]. De flesta industriföretag finns i Östersundsområdet. Mer än 16 procent av Jämtlands läns industriarbetare är verksamma inom skogsindustrin. Lantbruket i Jämtlands län är det renaste i Sverige och man använder minst mängd av bekämpningsmedel och handelsgödsel. Det finns runt 8 jordbruksföretag och 9 personer, omkring 7 procent av befolkningen är stadigvarande sysselsatt inom denna näring [ 23 ]. En andel som är klart över riksgenomsnittet. Jordbruket i Jämtlands län domineras av mjölk- och köttproduktion, nötkreatur är vanligast men det finns även lamm och svin. Den här näringen har lång tradition i främst Härjedalen och södra Jämtland där fäboddrift länge haft en central roll och finns fortfarande kvar.

Kunskaperna man besitter, mycket tack vare fäbodbruken har i allra högsta grad bidragit till att länet blivit framstående inom getosttillverkning. Den ekonomiska föreningen Milko hade sitt huvudsäte i Östersund, den omfattade många mjölkbönder i länet och kom ur NNP, Nedre Norrlands Producentförening. Idag är man inkorporerade i ARLA. De jordbruksområden som är mest betydelsefulla är de runt Storsjön och längs de stora älvarna. Vall är den vanligaste grödan. Matpotatis och korn odlas också i stor omfattning. Jämtlands län har även ett levande fjällnära lantbruk. I Jämtlands län finns det 12 samebyar inklusive Idre sameby i norra Dalarna med rätt att idka rennäring. Samtliga finns i länets västra delar mot gränsen till Norge. Jämtlands län har 80 företag som sysslar med renskötsel och det finns över 45 renar i länet. Cirka — personer är sysselsatta inom denna näring. Rennäringen finansieras till viss del av statliga anslag. Handeln har historiskt varit en vital del för Jämtland och Härjedalen.

Jämtlands kommuner karta

Redan under forntiden gick det en handelsled mellan Östersjön och Atlanten genom Storsjöbygden. I slutet av talet restes Mjälleborgen , en fornborg på Frösön för skydda och kontrollera järnproduktionen. Innan järnvägen och lanthandeln var det forbönderna som skötte handel och transporter mellan landskapen och Tröndelag. Transithandel var mycket vanligt. Man sålde järn, spannmål, linne, humle, smör, talg och fågel på marknaden i Levanger , Marsimartnan. Därifrån köpte man med sig hästar, fisk, drycker, salt och kryddor med sig hem. Sedan reste man söderut i Sverige för att sälja det man köpt. Årligen strömmade folk till den stora Jamtamotsmarknaden senare omdöpt till Gregoriemarknaden på Frösön. Vissa bönder kunde tjäna stora summor pengar på detta och blev storhandlare. Detta ogillades starkt av svenska myndigheter som tyckte att handeln skulle förbehållas städerna. Särskilt i Sundsvall var borgarna mycket missnöjda med landsbygdshandeln och gränshandeln med Norge.

För att begränsa detta grundades Östersund Idag har Östersund utvecklats till ett starkt service- och handelscentrum för hela Jämtlands län. Gregoriemarknaden hålls numera i Östersund och detaljhandeln omsätter 30 procent mer än vad befolkningsunderlaget borde ge. Jämtlands län är ett av Sveriges största turistlän. Besökande turister omsätter cirka 3,1 miljarder kronor per år. Cirka 23 procent av gästnätterna står utländska turister för, där norrmän är i klar majoritet följt av tyskar, danskar, holländare och finnar. Vinterturismen dominerar, med skidanläggningar såsom Åre - Duved , Funäsdalsfjällen , Edsåsdalen , Storlien , Vemdalen - Björnrike - Klövsjö - Storhogna , Lofsdalen har länet mycket att erbjuda. Verksamma i länet såsom Skistar och Jamtli har blivit tilldelade det "Stora Turismpriset". Jämtland-Härjedalen hade år de största intäkterna på kommersiellt boende per capita när hela Sverige jämfördes. De totala boendeintäkterna på hotell, stugbyar, vandrarhem och campingplatser var då ,5 miljoner kronor.

Fördelat per invånare landade intäkterna på 2 kronor. I länet säljs fiskekort årligen vilket är fler än i något annat län och fler än vad länet har invånare. Fisket omsätter drygt miljoner kronor varje år och lockar turister. I länet arrangeras Sveriges största gatufestival, Storsjöyran , varje år i slutet av juli. Myndigheten för tillväxtpolitiska utvärderingar och analyser och Statens folkhälsoinstitut har sina huvudkontor i Jämtlands län. Myndigheterna Trafikanalys och Tillväxtverket har också kontor i Östersund. I Östersund finns också Försäkringskassans centrala kontrollavdelning som undersöker bidragsfusk. Sysselsättningen inom statliga verk och myndigheter är långt lägre i Jämtlands län jämfört med andra län. I Jämtlands län finns det två flygplatser med reguljär trafik, Åre Östersund flygplats belägen på Frösön och Svegs flygplats. E14 går genom länet i öst-västlig riktning, från Sundsvall till Trondheim och E45 Inlandsvägen går genom länet i nord-sydlig riktning, från Karesuando till Göteborg.

Det finns två järnvägslinjer, Inlandsbanan och Mittbanan. För busstrafiken inom länet ansvarar Länstrafiken i Jämtlands län. Vapen för Jämtlands län tolkat efter dess blasonering. Jämtlands läns läge i Sverige. Huvudartikel: Jämtland § Geografi. Se även: Jämtar. För språk och religion, se Jämtland språk. Skidspår i Ljungdalen med länets två högsta berg Helags och Sylarna till vänster. Statistiska centralbyrån. Läst 11 maj Länsstyrelsen i Jämtlands län. Läst 28 januari SVT Nyheter. Läst 1 april Jämten Jämtlands länsstyrelse. Arkiverad från originalet den 16 september Läst 11 juni Arkiverad från originalet den 26 juli Statistiska Centralbyrån. Läst 7 september Läst 5 november Läst 18 april Arkiverad från originalet den 21 april Avståndet mellan Jämtland och huvudstaden Stockholm, där beslutsfattarna hittills befunnit sig, är tillräckligt långt. Estimations show that there were seldom more than 30 to 40 farmers in each parish. In some cases, like in Kyrkås , Marby and Norderö parish the farmers were probably 20 or less.

These original parishioners built churches that's lasted for centuries, many are still existing and functioning today. This is quite remarkable given that they built these churches in stones, much larger than their ordinary timber houses and in a material the parishioners were not accustomed to given that they only used timber. The churches became a matter of concern for every parishioner, the centre in each parish. Everybody had to help build them and their descendants had to maintain them, this carried on for generations. Families have decorated the churches throughout history with various ornaments and art such as valuable inventories, wood carvings , paintings predominantly biblical illustrations , textiles , silver and tin along with various handicrafts. Almost the entire older popular culture in Jämtland is tied to the churches. Making them the core of Jämtland's cultural heritage. The churches have symbolized a connection between Jämtland's population through generations and this is still the case for many today.

People are joined through cheerful moments such as christening , Holy Matrimony , confirmation , through crisis and mournful times like funerals. In Jämtland-Härjedalen the free church movement did not become near as widespread as in the rest of Sweden. Because of this Jämtland and Härjedalen have a large number of members in the Swedish church since nine out of ten in fact are members. Although nowadays church attendance is much lower, back then every parishioner gathered on the Sabbath because no one was allowed to work. Within each parish distinctive customs, bunads and dialects developed because of this, especially the dialects are known to differ from parish to parish in Jämtland. Jämtland also had a great deal of equality between each parishioner, Jämtland lacked a nobility and there are no noble family coats of arms nor authorial marks in the churches, which is very common in the rest of Sweden. Jämtland also lacked a specific "bench order" an order based on rank that defined where you were allowed to sit in the church , something that other churches had.

In Jämtland the principle "among farmers no other rank except age and life-time" [15] applied. Each parish also had an assembly, where every parishioner was present and decisions were only taken unanimously. If they were not able to come to a mutual understanding the matter had to rest and be resumed later until everybody agreed. In the community houses the village's prominent people, so called byalag , gathered to decide on mutual concerns such as split-rail fences , ditch construction and agricultural related stuff. The central figure in each district was the priest. He dealt with most matters since he was in contact with every parishioner. He meddled in conflicts and gave advice and comfort in various situations. Besides preaching and informing the priest was also a farmer himself, often a forerunner in the field. The priest did not always go the authority's errand, sometimes he tried to help his fellow parishioners fend off extra taxes and military services.

Bodda Prayerhouse. In Jämtland there are also Sami people. The Sami in Jämtland are Southern Sami people and speak Southern Sami or åarjelsaemien giele , as it is known in Southern Sami , a language mutually unintelligible with the other Sami languages. The Sami in Jämtland have historically been referred to as "Lapps" and sometimes by using the vague word "Finns" supposedly related to English "find", see Fenni , though they prefer to call themselves Sami. There have been Sami peoples in Jämtland from pre-historic times; exactly how many, however, is disputed. However, the ancestors to the Sami people who live south of this area today probably did not come to the area before the 16th century, [18] when large-scale reindeer herding began, leading to a nomadic lifestyle among the Sami people. This also led to several conflicts in court between Sami people in Jämtland and the land owners. At the dawn of the 20th century, the Swedish state had an official policy which stated that "Lapp should be Lapp" and that they should all live a "traditional" Sami life and not integrate in the society.

This has now changed and only a minority are in fact reindeer-herders. The Sami people in Jämtland are closely connected to their brethren living in Trøndelag, and a distinctive feature of the Southern Sami culture is the yoik called vuoille. The coat of arms of Jämtland, created for Karl X Gustav 's funeral, derived from a seal which had been granted to Jämtland in by the Danish-Norwegian king. Is the primary animal a deer, moose or reindeer? Is it a dog, wolf or bear? An eagle or a falcon? The identity of these animals as a moose between a dog and a falcon was settled in According to popular perception, these represent Jämtland torn between Norway and Sweden, though obviously this meaning was not officially assigned by any royal authority. Jämtland's first seal was the one depicted above from the medieval period. It was abolished after the Nordic Seven Years' War and the second seal of Jämtland was used between and This seal contained two Olav-axes and was also abolished after a Swedish occupation, the one during the Kalmar War.

When Jämtland became Swedish it was not suitable to use one of the older seals with such a strong Norwegian influence as a basis for a new Swedish coat of arms. So the latest seal was used instead, even though it was in fact of Danish origin. Just like every other historical province of Sweden Jämtland serves no administrative purposes, but serves as an historical, geographical and cultural region. Jämtland makes up three quarters of the Swedish administrative province Jämtland County , though a small uninhabited part in northern Jämtland is a part of Västerbotten County and the area around Överturingen is a part of Västernorrland County. The landsting, County Council , is an elected assembly and the successor of Jamtamót. This County Council was the role model for the rest of the Swedish County Councils when they were established in The uninhabited part in northern Jämtland belongs to Dorotea Municipality and the area around Överturingen is a part of Ånge Municipality.

Though, even if these municipalities and the county are serving as administrative regions most Jamts still identify themselves with the parishes and with Jämtland as a province. Jämtland is a large land-locked province in the heart of the Scandinavian peninsula in northern Europe. Jämtland stretches kilometers in north—south direction and kilometers in east—west direction and is equal in size with e. Jämtland's western border is made out by Kölen which stretches throughout the province from north to south with branches into the landscape's southeastern parts. The fell massif is broken at some places by large valleys stretching all the way to the Norwegian Sea. These valleys have been used for centuries as paths connecting Jämtland to the west. The valleys were particularly heavily used during pilgrimages to Nidaros , the fourth most visited pilgrimage site during the medieval period. In fact no less than three pilgrim roads went through Jämtland.

The entire province is more or less a highland region with the highest peak being Storsylen , a peak in the Sylan mountain range with an altitude of 1 meters above sea level. Though this is not the highest peak in the mountain range, since that peak is in fact located on the other side of the border. Another large peak in Jämtland worthy of mention is Åreskutan 1 meters above sea level. The lowest point in the province is as low as 35 meters above sea level and is located in the eastern part of Jämtland.

Stora städer i jämtland

Approximately 8 per cent of Jämtland's area is covered by water and the province has two larger streams , Ljungan and Indalsälven also known as Jämtlandsälven. Both of which emanates from the Scandinavian Mountains and drains several lakes on their way eastwards to lower altitudes. Jämtland has a temperate climate and belongs to the temperate zone 's northernmost area. The climate in Jämtland is both humid continental and subarctic , depending on the location. The climate is greatly affected by the Norwegian Sea and the Atlantic Ocean , due to several mountain passes in Scandinavian mountain range. In western Jämtland mild winters with excessive precipitation are common. This is because of the warm winds brought to the area by the Gulf Stream. The average precipitation in the Jamtish Fells is roughly 1 millimetres per year, with Skäckerfjällen as extreme with about 1 mm. The precipitation rates in the middle of the province are much more moderate.

In fact the central and eastern parts of Jämtland have precipitation shortages, in Storsjöbygden the annual averages is as low as mm. Due to the warm winds the temperature during the winters reaches its maximum in the fell region with about °C in Storlien and the environs. The coldest winter temperatures are found in the province's outskirts like Börtnan with roughly °C. The highest Blizzards are common in Jämtland, and especially in the fell region. The most notable blizzard is the one that arose on New Year's Eve see above. The Jamtish flora is heavily characterized by temperate coniferous forest , taiga , a forest inhabited by Norway spruce and pine trees. Among the two the Norway spruce is more common. The Norway spruce actually grows most densely in Jämtland together with the southern parts of Lapland. Here roughly 60 percent of the forests consist of spruces. In Jämtland over 2, mineral-rich marshes wetlands containing a very high pH level have been located.

These marshes cover an area of square kilometers. The chalk-rich soil has attracted several chalk-dependent plants, such as orchids , in Jämtland there are 19 different kinds of orchids. Each province in Sweden has symbols associated with them and Jämtland's provincial flower is an extremely rare orchid, the Gymnadenia nigra , an orchid that's only common in the province and a few other places in central Scandinavia. Several kinds of berries are found in Jämtland like e. Due to the diversified natural environment in Jämtland it displays a great deal of different animals. The animal most commonly associated with Jämtland is as already hinted the moose. It is Jämtland's provincial animal and is referred to in dialect as simply djur , "animal". Moose may be found throughout Jämtland but to a lesser extent in the mountainous area in the province's eastern parts and in the north. However northern Jämtland is the most densely populated brown bear habitat in the world.

The brown bear bjenn in Jamtish is also more or less common throughout Jämtland. Other large predators in Jämtland include the cat gaupa Eurasian lynx , the filfras meaning the glutton wolverine and smaller such as the Arctic fox. Jämtland has had populations of wolves skrågg , gråbein from time to time after it practically became extinct in Scandinavia during the 20th century. There are however currently no wolves with an established territory in Jämtland. There is also one large raptor in the province, the golden eagle. The last native beaver in Sweden was shot in northern Jämtland at Bjurälven bjur or björ is the Jamtish word for beaver. It was also in Jämtland that the beaver was reintroduced in Sweden from Norway in The current beaver population is quite large and common. Among the smaller mammals inhabiting Jämtland that are rare in the rest of Scandinavia are e. The læmel , Norway lemming is also present in Jämtland and the latest major population boom usual for this species occurred in Jämtland is inhabited by several mammals from the weasel family.

Besides the already mentioned wolverine the oter , otter , is widespread in the province and common near several streams, the least or snow weasel exists, along with planted, released and escaped minks. The province is also home to the pine marten and the ermine. These mammals have often been hunted for their valuable fur, for Jämtland this is especially true for the ermine. Among the deer the moose is as already stated common. Other deer are roe deer , red deer and reindeer , in the shape of Sami herds or wilded originally tame reindeers. The provincial fish is the brown trout which is found together with common whitefish , grayling , European perch , Arctic char , burbot , salmon and the carnivorous northern pike. Roughly types of birds have been observed in Jämtland. The species presence greatly varies, in the fells bluethroat , long-tailed skua , Eurasian dotterel , ptarmigan , Lapland and snow bunting are found. The forested region is inhabited by species such as hazel hen , black grouse , capercaillie , Siberian jay , three-toed woodpecker and rustic bunting.

Several different types of owls dwells in the province and the provincial owl is the northern hawk owl. The first humans came to Jämtland after the last ice age and later switched to a more agricultural lifestyle. Though the agriculture could not sustain the population so it was combined with a great deal of trading, hunting and iron production. When the rise of industrialism begun, Jämtland was one of the few Swedish regions that never became fully industrialized. Instead Jämtland supplied the Norrlandic coast with raw materials, mainly lumber. The focus in Jämtland's economy was directed towards tourism after the construction of the railroad, starting with the "clean air tourists" who came to experience the fresh air, to see the snow clad fells, the waterfalls and the natural environment. Today the tourism in Jämtland is dominated by winter sports and especially alpine skiing in various facilities in Åre , Bydalen , Storlien , Klövsjö , etc.

As Jämtland never industrialized the agricultural sector is larger compared to the rest of Sweden. In Jämtland County this sector employs 4,4 per cent of the labour force compared to 1,8 per cent for Sweden as whole. Jämtland has large concentrations of uranium and deposits of e. However, the only mines of importance in Jämtland's history are the former copper mines in Fröå and Huså. Jämtland is heavily dominated by many small businesses and together with Härjedalen Jämtland has the second highest number of company owners in Sweden in relation to the population , the highest number of enterprising women [23] and by far the most cooperatives. With the exception of the city of Östersund and its surrounding areas, Jämtland is a very sparsely populated region. In Jämtland as a whole, there are only 3. Most people in Jämtland live in Storsjöbygden , the area around lake Storsjön which includes Jämtland's only chartered city , Östersund , founded now including Frösön , Krokom , Ås , Svenstavik , Nälden and Jämtland's second largest town Brunflo.

This region is actually quite densely populated. The largest urban areas outside Storsjöbygden are primly the municipality seats Strömsund , Järpen , Bräcke and Hammarstrand , along with towns such as Hammerdal , Lit, and the ski resort Åre. The culture of Jämtland has been greatly affected by the fact that Jämtland's never had an upper class , since the population have mostly consisted of free sovereign farmers with wide connections and a strong regional identity. When Christian IV of Denmark punished the Jamts severely after having sworn the Swedish king their allegiance see above by turning them into tenant farmers and abolished their seal, he told them to stay put on their farms. They did not heed this call but instead sought help from their own organized advisors and "the land's defense", an insolence that further outraged the Danish king. Jämtland started out free and remained autonomous during its time as a Norwegian dependency. Because of Jämtland's historical background the local culture shows great similarities with the Norwegian farm culture.

Today, the history of Jämtland is exhibited in the regional museum Jamtli in Östersund. The museum consists of an open-air section with historical buildings, as well as an indoor museum which houses exhibitions about the region's cultural history, from the Stone Age until modern times. Local history has been very popular in Jämtland for over years, due to the extensive cultural home ground movement that emerged in the late 19th and early 20th century. The movement founded Jamtli to preserve the cultural heritage. The culture in Jämtland has been marked by the stages in human development; the hunting-gathering stage, the semi-nomadic herding stage, the fully agricultural stage and the modern technological stage. Remnants from the hunter-gathering stage is first and foremost hunting itself. Jämtland's population remained in this stage for a very long time due to the hunters ability to sustain the population. Today the moose hunt is regarded by many Jamts as the major holiday of the year.

When the first humans came to Jämtland they brought dogs with them as helpers. The local dog, Jämthund , is a canine breed eponymous to Jämtland. Even if it is not explicitly stated, popular perception holds that the dog depicted in the coat of arms is of that breed. The Jämthund is often described having a wolf -like appearance. One of the first things Tacitus mentions in his work Germania is that the Germanic people treasure their animals above all else. Tacitus also concludes that the Germanic people found cultivation repulsive. Instead, he states, the Germanic people devote themselves to food and sleep and besides that they prefer to remain idle. All of this, to certain extents, applied to Jämtland. When the people of Jämtland settled down they relied mostly on pastoralism transhumance. Their animals were the source of wealth and they were therefore loved by their owners. This love for the livestock has manifested itself in the dialect, a male nipple is called bokkjen the buck and a female nipple is known as geita the goat.

In Jämtland the Scandinavian inland transhumance, buföring , has always been more important than cultivation. In fact it was crucial to take care of the livestock and supply them with food, and rewarding. Every summer for several weeks, from May to September, gjetaran herd boys and butøusan herd girls, bu is cognate to "booth" followed and guarded kreka , the critter, on their way to a grazing land on higher altitudes where several critter houses had been raised. The common animals taken out on these journeys were gjettran Jämtland goats and kynnan the fell cows a white, brisk and headstrong cow race, lacking horns. It was a hard work and it depended on cooperation between males and females. This lifestyle lived on for thousand years and it was first in the s it became obsolete. This tradition has however been resurrected as of late, mostly for touristic purposes. When the population settled down the society greatly changed, first coexisting with the older societies, later absorbing them.

Trade became much more important, a political institution elected by the people came into existence, the very same institution whose successor is the current County Council. Jämtland got its name and a somewhat hierarchical social structure emerged, though, as already pointed out, Jämtland never had an upper class. Strong families such as Skanke and Blix did exist though and on the countryside in Jämtland people still live in networks of relatives, families. Where they provide a second social security for many, in the rest of Sweden and in e. Östersund this has completely or almost entirely been replaced by public welfare. Much of Jämtland's cuisine is remnant from the herding stage. Just like other Scandinavians, it is common among Jamts to drink milk throughout their entire life. There are many different types of Jamtish dairy products , especially cheese, since it was by far the easiest way to conserve milk. Mesost is particularly associated with Jämtland and also e.

In Jämtland there are several small dairies in the villages, most famous is the one in Skärvången. Other products associated with Jämtland are the soft whey butter , long fil , kjesfil , flautgröt " cream porridge ", tunnbröd , a version of palt called kams , klobb etc. The ancient practice of brewing Julöl yule beer persists even today with the microbrewery Jämtlands Bryggeri in Pilgrimstad. Local projects such as the internet portal Food of Jämtland and the trading mark Smakriket Jämtland' ' the "taste realm" Jämtland are two major contributors in marketing, preserving and developing the cuisine of Jämtland. Some of the newest merchandises in Jämtland are a sparkling wine made of birch sap and a sausage called Jämtlandsfalu , wilderness juice, the snaps kallsup and tunnbröd chips. The folklore of Jämtland mostly correspond to Scandinavian folklore as whole, although the folklore is seldom regarded as popular belief nowadays, with one major exception, Storsjöodjuret.

According to legend it is believed that Storsjön literally the Great Lake harbors a large lake creature, Storsjöodjuret. There are many witness reports but the creature's existence remains to be established conclusively. Regardless of any proven existence, Storsjöodjuret was officially placed under the protection of a degree issued in by the County Administrative Board to guarantee its safety from hunters and fortune seekers, the protection was lifted in November A long, long time ago two trolls, Jata and Kata, stood on the shores of the Great Lake brewing a concoction in their cauldrons. They brewed and mixed and added to the liquid for days and weeks and years. They knew not what would result from their brew but they wondered about it a great deal. One evening there was heard a strange sound from one of their cauldrons. There was a wailing, a groaning and a crying, then suddenly came a loud bang. A strange animal with a black serpentine body and a cat-like head jumped out of the cauldron and disappeared into the lake.

The monster enjoyed living in the lake, grew unbelievably larger and awakened terror among the people whenever it appeared. Finally, it extended all the way round the island of Frösön, and could even bite its own tail. Ketil Runske bound the mighty monster with a strong spell which was carved on a stone and raised on the island of Frösön. The serpent was pictured on the stone. Thus was the spell to be tied till the day someone came who could read and understand the inscription on the stone. Puken is a magical ball of yarn summoned by a witch to draw objects to her. It often steals milk to the witch by milking cows. Just like in the rest of the world dragons have been known for a long time. In Jämtland they resemble brooms , that flies quickly and strikes down where treasuries are buried. Sjörå is a keeper of freshwater, that master fish, aas and lakes. It is similar to the Jamtish skogskjæringa "wife of the forest". A being that, at day, takes the appearance of a rauvtjuksa "red tail", a bird seen as ominous in Jamtish folklore.

When in physical form her tail is always apparent. She tries to lure men to have sexual intercourse with her. The skogsrå is not the same creature as skogskjæringa in Jamtish folklore, it is the keeper of the forest and master all the animals in it. It takes on the shape of a moose during hunting season, and grows larger and larger if hit by bullets and eventually forces the hunters out. It can however, be slain with a silver bullet. Tomten is a common creature, it is quite tall and has an eye in the middle of his forehead. It is the keeper of barns and a very capricious being, though he usually brings luck. The Nix , Näkkjen , is a common mythical creature, in Jämtland it refers to a male water spirit whose music was dangerous to women. Each year in the town of Hackås in southern Jämtland an annual traditional music contest Årets Näck is held where each contestant impersonates the Nix. They herd large white goats and cows and live underground, they are considered innocuous though sometimes they exchange an unbaptized child for a so-called bytningsbarn.

They are commonly associated with the grazing lands. Jämtland has several different types of folk costumes or bunads. Unlike certain regions in Scandinavia a unitary bunad did not exist in Jämtland's parishes, with the exception of Hammerdal parish with its brown -striped clothing. Usually Jämtland is divided into three different clothing parts, the North Jamtish Hammerdal , the East Jamtish Ragunda and the Great Jamtish area, covering the rest and the majority of Jämtland. The North Jamtish clothing part is typically influenced by the folk costumes of northern Ångermanland and to a lesser degree Lapland, with the exception of Frostviken parish settled by Trønders in the 18th century. The East Jamtish part is the least old-fashioned of the three with many changes done to the costumes through time, making them closer to the kind used at the Swedish coast, rather than the others in Jämtland. The Great Jamtish part has typically old-fashioned and conservative homogeneous bunads with blue socks, red knitted caps among the males, dark bounded caps for ladies and coloured for girls.

The skirts are usually of a single colour and the men have blue or black hodden coats , with yellow chamois leather pants made from moose skin. The genuine dialect of Jämtland is Jamtish. The speakers of the dialect refer to it as Jamska [ˈjamskɐ] , which is a definite form that translates to English as "the Jamtish". However, due to the lack of a well-established English name of the dialect both Jamtish and Jamtlandic are used.